Lebih baik lagi jika lengkap waalaikumsalam warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Berikut ini arti ucapan salam assalamualikum ( السلام عليكم ) Assalamualikum السلام عليكم terdiri atas tiga kata dasar yaitu salama ( سلم ); ala ( على ) dan bentuk terikat kum ( كم ).
As-salamu alaikum is a common greeting among Muslims, meaning 'Peace be with you.' It is an Arabic phrase, but Muslims around the world use this greeting regardless of their language background.
The appropriate response to this greeting is Wa alaikum assalaam, which means 'And upon you be peace.'
As-salamu alaikum is pronounced as-salam-u-alay-koom. The greeting is sometimes spelled salaam alaykum or as-salaam alaykum.
Variations
The expression As-salamu alaikum is often used when arriving at or leaving a gathering, just as 'hello' and 'goodbye' are used in English-speaking contexts. The Quran reminds believers to reply to a greeting with one of equal or greater value: 'When a courteous greeting is offered you, meet it with a greeting still more courteous, or at least of equal courtesy. Allah takes careful account of all things' (4:86). Such extended greetings include:
- As-salamu alaikum wa rahmatullah ('May the peace and mercy of Allah be with you')
- As-salamu alaikum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh ('May the peace, mercy, and blessings of Allah be with you')
Origin
This universal Islamic greeting has its roots in the Quran. As-Salaam is one of the Names of Allah, meaning 'The Source of Peace.' In the Quran, Allah instructs believers to greet one another with words of peace:
'But if you enter houses, salute each other—a greeting of blessing and purity from Allah. Thus does Allah make clear the signs to you, that you may understand.' (24:61)
'When those come to you who believe in Our signs, say: 'Peace be upon you.' Your Lord has inscribed for Himself the rule of mercy.' (6:54)
Furthermore, the Quran states that 'peace' is the greeting that angels will extend to believers in Paradise:
“Their greeting therein will be, 'Salaam!'” (14:23)
“And those who kept their duty to their Lord will be led to Paradise in groups. When they reach it, the gates will be opened and the keepers will say, 'Salaam Alaikum, you have done well, so enter here to abide therein.'” (39:73)
Traditions
The Prophet Muhammad used to greet people by saying As-salamu alaikum and encouraged his followers to do so as well. The tradition helps bond Muslims together as one family and establish strong community relationships. Muhammad once told his followers that there are five responsibilities each Muslim has toward their brothers and sisters in Islam: greeting each other with salaam, visiting each other when someone is sick, attending funerals, accepting invitations, and asking Allah to have mercy on them when they sneeze.
It was the practice of early Muslims for the person who enters a gathering to be the first to greet the others. It is also recommended that a person who is walking should greet a person who is sitting, and that a younger person should be the first to greet an older person. When two Muslims argue and cut off ties, the one who reestablishes contact with a greeting of salaam receives the greatest blessings from Allah.
The Prophet Muhammad once said: “You will not enter Paradise until you believe, and you will not believe until you love one another. Shall I tell you about something which, if you do it, will make you love one another? Greet each other with salaam.'
Use in Prayer
At the end of formal Islamic prayers, while sitting on the floor, Muslims turn their heads to the right and then to the left, greeting those gathered on each side with As-salamu alaikum wa rahmatullah.
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Wa alaykumu as-salam or Wa ‘alaykum al-salaam (وعليكم السلام) is an Arabic greeting often used by Muslims around the world translating nearly to 'And unto you peace', but is far more than the often used 'hello' or 'good day' in English. It is a blessing given to other. It is the standard response to the As-salamu alaykum (السلام عليكم) greeting.[1][2] The greetings are intentional communications to acknowledge someone's presence, or to make someone feel welcomed. They are used prior to a conversation and are said to be good manners. The greeting is considered an important Islamic duty and obligation. Salam has been a standard salutation among Muslims. The greeting is regularly exchanged during Muslim lectures and sermons.[1] Extended forms include 'Wa alaykumu s-salam wa rahmatullah' (وعليكم السلام ورحمة الله, May the peace and mercy of Allah be with you too) and 'Wa alaykumu s-salam wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh' (وعليكم السلام ورحمة الله وبركاته, May the peace, mercy, and blessings of Allah be with you too).
Literary meaning[edit]
'Salam' literally means 'peace'. The word 'Islam' is also derived from it. In a wider sense 'salam' means harmlessness, safety and protection from evil and from faults. As-Salaam is also one of the Names of Allah.[3]
Use for non-Muslims[edit]
Religious scholars differ as to whether Muslims may initiate the saying of Salaam to members of other faiths.[4] The Quran says:'When you are greeted with a greeting, greet in return with what is better than it, or (at least) return it equally' [al-Nisa’ 4:86][5]
Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: if the person is certain that the Dhimmi (Jew or Christian) is clearly saying al-salaamu alaykum to him, and he has no doubts about that, should he say wa alayka al-salaam or shorten it to wa alayk? What is indicated by the evidence and principles of shareeah is that he should say wa alayka al-salaam, because this is more just, and Allaah commands us to be just and to treat others well this does not contradict any of the ahaadeeth on this topic at all, because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) commanded us to shorten the greeting to wa alayk because of the reason mentioned above, which is that they deliberately used to say al-saam alaykum instead of al-salaam alaykum, as indicated in the hadeeth narrated by Aaishah (may Allaah be pleased with her). He said, Do you not see that I say wa alaykum when they say al-saam alaykum? Then he said, If the People of the Book greet you with salaam, say, Wa alaykum.[6]
Islamic rulings related to the use of Salam[edit]
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It is also preferred to use the greeting when arriving and also when leaving. It was reported that Abu Hurayrah said “When one of you joins a gathering, let him say salaam. When he wants to get up and leave, let him say salaam. The former is not more important than the latter.” (Hasan hadith reported in Jāmi` al-Tirmidhi)[7]
According to hadith the Islamic prophet Muhammad was asked who should 'begin' the salam greeting and he said:
- 'The one who is riding should greet the one who is walking and the one who is walking should greet the one who is sitting and the smaller group should greet the larger group.' (Saheeh - Al-Bukhaari, 6234; Muslim, 2160)[8]
It is also stated that one should give the Salam greeting upon entering a house. This is based upon the verse of the Qur'an:
- 'But when you enter the houses, greet one another with a greeting from Allah (i.e. say: Assalaamu ‘Aleykum — peace be on you), blessed and good.' (Al-Noor 24:61)[9]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ ab''As-Salaam-Alaikum' and 'Wa-Alaikum-Salaam''. Ccnmtl.columbia.edu. Retrieved 2013-07-27.
- ^'Islamic Phrases: Assalamu alaikum'. Islam.about.com. 2013-07-15. Retrieved 2013-07-27.
- ^'Etiquettes of Greeting'. Iris.org.nz. Retrieved 2013-07-27.
- ^'Rules of Greeting non-Muslims in Islam (Saying Salaam/Replying Salaam)'. virtualmosque.com. 2008-06-05. Retrieved 2016-07-02.
- ^al-Nisa’ 4:86 , Quran Surah An-Nisaa ( Verse 86 )
- ^'How should we return the greeting of salaam from a non-Muslim? - Islam Question & Answer'. islamqa.info. Retrieved 2019-08-28.
- ^Sheikh Muhammad Salih Al-Munajjid. 'Is it mustahabb for one who gets up to leave a gathering to say salaam to those who are still sitting?'.
- ^As Salaamu Alaikom?
- ^'Surat An-Nur [24:61] - The Noble Qur'an - القرآن الكريم'. Quran.com. Retrieved 2013-07-27. , Quran Surah An-Noor ( Verse 61 )
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